What did the plateau tribes eat

Coastal Plateau Indians—Issaquah Connect . Coastal Indians . FOOD . Northwest Coastal tribes had no pressing food problems. They could get plenty of fish, shellfish, and even whales, seals, and porpoises from the sea and local rivers. The men built traps to catch huge hauls of salmon and candlefish as they swam upstream to spawn.

The Plains were very sparsely populated until about 1100 CE, when Native American groups including Pawnees, Mandans, Omahas, Wichitas, Cheyennes, and other groups started to inhabit the area. The climate supported limited farming closer to the major waterways but ultimately became most fruitful for hunting large and small game.Native Americans, also known as American Indians and Indigenous Americans, are the indigenous peoples of the United States. By the time European adventurers arrived in the 15th century A.D ...7 feb 2023 ... Native American groups thrived on staple foods like corn, beans, and squash. When available, meat, fruit, and other vegetables were mixed in, ...Tukudika (also Tukudyka’a, Tukadika) means “eaters of the mountain sheep.”. The Tukudika lived in northwestern Wyoming, southwestern Montana, and eastern Idaho. Related bands bore the names “salmon eaters,” “elk eaters,” and “bison eaters.”. Because the name Sheep Eater can appear to equate these Indians with the bighorn sheep ...Can you name the Indian tribes native to America? Most non-natives can name the Apache, the Navajo and the Cheyenne. But of all the Native American tribes, the Cherokee is perhaps the best known. Here are 10 things to know about this ‘natio...The Plateau Indians have lived in the Pacific Northwest for 10,000 years. The traditional use areas of the Walla Walla, Cayuse, and Umatilla are concentrated most heavily in Eastern Oregon and Washington but encompass a large swath of territory reaching north to Canada, west to the coast, south to California and Nevada, and east to Wyoming and ...See also. James Teit, “The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus,” The Forty-Fifth Annual Report of ... did not maintain it properly. James McMillan explained ...What did the Plateau Tribes eat? As members of hunting and gathering cultures, the peoples of the Plateau relied upon wild foods for subsistence. Salmon, trout, eels, suckers, and other fish were abundant in the rivers, and fishing was the most important source of food. Fishing was accomplished with one- or three-pronged fish spears, traps, and ...

In reference to the Colville traditional diet, and for other tribes in the region as well, a diet for them was “roots, berries, meat and fish.” Noyes’s PowerPoint included many other foods that she wasn’t able to bring in such as wild strawberries, deer and elk, and other types of camas.How does she do this? Why is it ... For a discussion of First Foods and how Plateau Tribes are addressing climate change by focusing on First Foods, see ...Traditionally, Plains people relied on seasonal fruits, vegetables and game for subsistence. Nuts, roots, berries were especially prevalent staples of the Plains diet. Fish was a regular supplement to bison meat for some Plains peoples.. While women gathered and cultivated, hunting — a predominantly male activity — provided the bulk of food. …The Plains were very sparsely populated until about 1100 CE, when Native American groups including Pawnees, Mandans, Omahas, Wichitas, Cheyennes, and other groups started to inhabit the area. The climate supported limited farming closer to the major waterways but ultimately became most fruitful for hunting large and small game.... Tribes that the government representatives did not want to pay. ... The Cayuse, Umatilla, Walla Walla and other Plateau tribes had a special kind of tent that no ...The Plateau tribes gathered and used over 130 different wild plants. It is estimated that from 40% to 60% of their calories came from the plant foods which they gathered. One of the most important ...

Fishing. The majority of Plateau peoples food came from fishing. In local rivers and lakes. Mostly fish salmon. Though salmon was their most relied food source they also had other food sources like deer and berries. Plateau people developed many methods for catching fish. Usually large traps were set up to catch salmon.AND PLATEAU SHOSHONEAN TRIBES. ROBERT H. LOWIE. A cursory survey of the ... a menstruating woman shall not eat meat. I have noted this for the. Wind River and ...Walla Walla (/ ˌ w ɒ l ə /), Walawalałáma ("People of Walula region along Walla Walla River"), sometimes Walúulapam, are a Sahaptin indigenous people of the Northwest Plateau.The duplication in their name expresses the diminutive form. The name Walla Walla is translated several ways but most often as "many waters".. Many Walla Wallas live on …The Plateau tribes gathered and used over 130 different wild plants. It is estimated that from 40% to 60% of their calories came from the plant foods which they gathered.

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The Nez Perce: A Brief History of Food and Health. Between the Cascade Range and Rocky Mountain system in the Pacific Northwest region of the U.S. is the original land of the Nez Perce tribe. This land is located on the Colombia River Plateau along the border of four states that are now known as Washington, Idaho, Wyoming, and Oregon.Perhaps because they were among the last indigenous peoples to be conquered in North America—some bands continued armed resistance to colonial demands into the 1880s—the tribes of the Great Plains are often regarded in popular culture as the archetypical American Indians.This view was heavily promoted by traveling exhibits such …The Plains were very sparsely populated until about 1100 CE, when Native American groups including Pawnees, Mandans, Omahas, Wichitas, Cheyennes, and other groups started to inhabit the area. The climate supported limited farming closer to the major waterways but ultimately became most fruitful for hunting large and small game.In 1680 the Pueblo people revolted and drove the Spanish from their land. The Spanish had to leave behind their cattle, sheep, and horses. The Pueblo people did not need the horses so they traded many to neighboring tribes living in the Great Basin and Plateau such as the Ute (YOOT), Shoshone (shoh-SHOH-nee), and Nez Perce (nes PURS).Summary and Definition: The semi-nomadic Spokane tribe were fishers, hunter-gatherers and traders of the Plateau cultural group who mainly lived by the Spokane River and in the west by the Columbia River on the Columbia River Plateau. The picture, by artist Paul Kane, was painted in 1847 and depicts the Scalp Dance by Spokane Native Indians.

Foods of the Plateau. Plateau tribes such as the Cayuse, Coeur d’Alene, Colvilles, Kalispels, Klikitat, Kootenai, Lillooets, Modocs, Nez Perce, Okanagons, Salish, …Summary and Definition: The Zuni were one of the Pueblo tribes who lived on the Colorado plateau and by the Rio Grande. The ancestors of the Zuni tribe were the ancient Cliff Dwellers. ... What food did the Zuni tribe eat? The food that the Zuni tribe ate included included meat obtained by the men who hunted deer, small game and turkeys. …Transportation / Migration Religion / Ceremonies / Art / Clothing Family / Social Structure / Leadership Tribal Relations / War The Plateau peoples lived in a small region that included the southern interior of British Columbia and Alberta.The Plateau tribes hunted many types of animals. They used these animals for food, clothing and other items. They hunted using a bow and arrow or traps. Today, hunting is still an important activity for Indians and many depend on the meat they get to feed their families. Most Indians today hunt with rifles, but there are some hunters who still ...The Plateau people lived in long houses and pit houses. Long houses were 27 meters long and had enough space for several families to have separate sleeping areas. These lodges were constructed of light pole frames, and covered with tree bough, bark or rush mats. In the winter the Plateau people would move to their pit houses. Many of the Village tribes used pottery pipes. Among the Assiniboin, Gros Ventre, and Blackfoot, a black stone was used for a Woodland type of pipe. In the Plateau area, the pipes were smaller than elsewhere and usually made from steatite. The Hidatsa and Mandan used a curiously shaped pipe, as may be seen from the collection.What food did plateau people eat? Food: Nearly half the diet of the people of the Plateau was fish. They also ate vegetables, fruits, nuts, and meat. ... There was a wide variety of game including deer and squirrels. What food did the Colville tribe eat? In reference to the Colville traditional diet, and for other tribes in the region as well ...The Nez Perce: A Brief History of Food and Health. Between the Cascade Range and Rocky Mountain system in the Pacific Northwest region of the U.S. is the original land of the Nez Perce tribe. This land is located on the Colombia River Plateau along the border of four states that are now known as Washington, Idaho, Wyoming, and Oregon.Jun 28, 2019 · Tribes and Settlers at Sacajawea State Park. Irrigation. Photographed on September 11, 1950 near Pasco, Washington. Sap-ut-ka-low-nee, or White Swan, (1844-1936) was born “where the Snake and Columbia rivers meet.”. Called “Poker Jim” by the soldiers, he served as a scout for the United States Army in the Bannock War of 1878.

Home Quizzes & Games History & Society Science & Tech Biographies Animals & Nature Geography & Travel Arts & Culture Money Videos. Plateau Indian, Any member of various North American Indian peoples that traditionally lived on the high plateau between the Rocky Mountains to the east and the Cascade Range to the west.

The Plains were very sparsely populated until about 1100 CE, when Native American groups including Pawnees, Mandans, Omahas, Wichitas, Cheyennes, and other groups started to inhabit the area. The climate supported limited farming closer to the major waterways but ultimately became most fruitful for hunting large and small game.Foods of the Plateau. Plateau tribes such as the Cayuse, Coeur d’Alene, Colvilles, Kalispels, Klikitat, Kootenai, Lillooets, Modocs, Nez Perce, Okanagons, Salish, Sanpoils, Sinkiuse, Spokan, Thompson, Umatilla, Yakima ate salmon, trout, whitefish, mollusks, camas bulbs, wild waterlily seeds (used for flour), berries, deer, elk, antelope ... Great Basin Indian, member of any of the indigenous North American peoples inhabiting the traditional culture area comprising almost all of the present-day U.S. states of Utah and Nevada as well as substantial portions of Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming, and Colorado and smaller portions of Arizona, Montana, and California.What food did the Paiute tribe eat? The food that the Paiute tribe ate included Indian rice grass, also known as sandgrass, Indian millet, sandrice and silkygrass. Rice grass occurs naturally on coarse, sandy soils in the arid lands throughout the Great Basin. Other common names are sandgrass, sandrice, Indian millet, and silkygrass.For Beaver, Potawatomi (Anishinabek), Plateau, Indigenous Peoples from the Yukon and Northwest Territories, bison was also a supplementary food source [16-20]. Lower Kutenai seldom hunted bison because they did not own horses [12]. Sometimes, Native Americans on the Plains lived in a combination of nomadic and sedentary settings: they would plant crops and establish villages in the spring, hunt in the summer, harvest their crops in the fall, and hunt in the winter. A watercolor painting of Sioux teepees. Painted by Karl Bodmer, 1833.Can you name the Indian tribes native to America? Most non-natives can name the Apache, the Navajo and the Cheyenne. But of all the Native American tribes, the Cherokee is perhaps the best known. Here are 10 things to know about this ‘natio...Bitter root was also used to treat upset stomach. Camas, a starchy root, was and still is an important food. The tribe also foraged for fruits and nuts such as blueberries, chokecherries, hazelnuts, huckleberries, pine nuts, and raspberries. Fruit was dried for winter use.

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The Plateau Indians relied wholly on wild foods. Fishing was the most important food source. The rivers were abundant in salmon, trout, eels, and other fish. The Indians dried fish on wooden racks to preserve them for the winter food supply. They supplemented the fish catch by hunting deer, elk, bear, caribou, and small game.Salmon, trout, eels, suckers, and other fish were abundant in the rivers, and fishing was the most important source of food. Fishing was accomplished with one- or three-pronged fish spears, traps, and nets. Communities also built and held in common large fish weirs—stone or wooden enclosures used to "corral" the catch.How did Raven Steal Crow's Potlatch? Inland Plateau People - About 10,000 years ago, different tribes of Indians settled in the Northwest Inland Plateau region of the United States and Canada, located between two huge mountain ranges - the Rockies and the Cascades. The Plateau stretches from BC British Columbia all the way down to nearly Texas.Tukudika (also Tukudyka’a, Tukadika) means “eaters of the mountain sheep.”. The Tukudika lived in northwestern Wyoming, southwestern Montana, and eastern Idaho. Related bands bore the names “salmon eaters,” “elk eaters,” and “bison eaters.”. Because the name Sheep Eater can appear to equate these Indians with the bighorn sheep ...... Plateau peoples did. One system used more recently are those names ... "The Indian Tribes of North America," Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin, no.Shoshone, also spelled Shoshoni; also called Snake, North American Indian group that occupied the territory from what is now southeastern California across central and eastern Nevada and northwestern Utah into southern Idaho and western Wyoming.The Shoshone of historic times were organized into four groups: Western, or unmounted, Shoshone, centred in Nevada; …LIFE TODAY. Today the native people of the Northwest Coast have lives like many Americans: They live in modern homes and send their kids to school. But many also remember their heritage by doing things like carving totem poles, hosting traditional feasts, and sharing their culture with others. For instance, the Puyallup (pyoo-AH-lup) tribe has ...Pio Pio-Maksmaks, Walla Walla Indian. A Sahaptin tribe who lived for centuries on the Columbia River Plateau in northeastern Oregon and southeastern Washington, their name is translated several ways but, most often, as “many waters.”. While the people have their own distinct dialect, their language is closely related to the Nez Perce.How did Raven Steal Crow's Potlatch? Inland Plateau People - About 10,000 years ago, different tribes of Indians settled in the Northwest Inland Plateau region of the United States and Canada, located between two huge mountain ranges - the Rockies and the Cascades. The Plateau stretches from BC British Columbia all the way down to nearly Texas.What did plateau tribes eat? As members of hunting and gathering cultures, the peoples of the Plateau relied upon wild foods for subsistence. Salmon, trout, eels, suckers, and other fish were abundant in the rivers, and fishing was the most important source of food. Fishing was accomplished with one- or three-pronged fish spears, traps, and nets. ….

When treaties were signed in the 1850s between the US government and tribes of the Northwest and Plateau, the right to continue taking salmon was written in. (See also: "Rights of Puget Sound Indians to Fish and Game".) The US wanted to save money by having native people feed themselves, while the native people did not want to turn into crop ...Tribes and Settlers at Sacajawea State Park. Irrigation. Photographed on September 11, 1950 near Pasco, Washington. Sap-ut-ka-low-nee, or White Swan, (1844-1936) was born “where the Snake and Columbia rivers meet.”. Called “Poker Jim” by the soldiers, he served as a scout for the United States Army in the Bannock War of 1878.Plateau Indian, member of any of the Native American peoples inhabiting the high plateau region between the Rocky Mountains and the coastal mountain system. At a crossroads, it includes a variety of cultures. Most of the Plateau Indian groups speak Salishan or Sahaptin languages. 31 may 2013 ... On her website ToriAvey.com, Tori Avey explores the story behind the food – why we eat what we eat, how the recipes of different cultures ...The Plateau Indians have lived in the Pacific Northwest for 10,000 years. The traditional use areas of the Walla Walla, Cayuse, and Umatilla are concentrated most heavily in Eastern Oregon and Washington but encompass a large swath of territory reaching north to Canada, west to the coast, south to California and Nevada, and east to Wyoming and ...Nov 20, 2012 · Summary and Definition: The semi-nomadic Spokane tribe were fishers, hunter-gatherers and traders of the Plateau cultural group who mainly lived by the Spokane River and in the west by the Columbia River on the Columbia River Plateau. The picture, by artist Paul Kane, was painted in 1847 and depicts the Scalp Dance by Spokane Native Indians. Oct 29, 2021 · The Plateau Indians have lived in the Pacific Northwest for 10,000 years. The traditional use areas of the Walla Walla, Cayuse, and Umatilla are concentrated most heavily in Eastern Oregon and Washington but encompass a large swath of territory reaching north to Canada, west to the coast, south to California and Nevada, and east to Wyoming and ... Indigenous cuisine of the Americas includes all cuisines and food practices of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas.Contemporary Native peoples retain a varied culture of traditional foods, along with the addition of some post-contact foods that have become customary and even iconic of present-day Indigenous American social gatherings (for example, frybread).1 Food from the Sea. The Chumash were a sedentary people, but they did not cultivate the land. Instead, they reaped the bounty of the sea. Their main diet consisted of fish, and shellfish such as mussels, abalone and clams. They also ate sea mammals like seals and otters. They also used seaweed in their diet, often using it as a side to their ... What did the plateau tribes eat, How did Raven Steal Crow's Potlatch? Inland Plateau People - About 10,000 years ago, different tribes of Indians settled in the Northwest Inland Plateau region of the United States and Canada, located between two huge mountain ranges - the Rockies and the Cascades. The Plateau stretches from BC British Columbia all the way down to nearly Texas., Flooding and erosion over the years changed the availability of river resources in the lower lands, and much of the hunting and food-gathering activity of the Nez Perce and other tribes moved to the upland country. Because of this, more Indians than at any other time lived in the Blue Mountains. This period ranged from 2,500 to 4,200 years ago., Elderly Klamath woman by Edward S. Curtis, 1924 A Klamath man Klamath people in dugout canoes, 19th century. The Klamath people are a Native American tribe of the Plateau culture area in Southern Oregon and Northern California.Today Klamath people are enrolled in the federally recognized tribes: . Klamath Tribes (Klamath, Modoc, and Yahooskin (Yahuskin) Band of Northern Paiute Indians), Oregon, Kutenai, North American Indian tribe that traditionally lived in what are now southeastern British Columbia, Can., and northern Idaho and northwestern Montana in the United States. Their language, also called Kutenai, is probably best considered a language isolate; that is, it is unrelated to other., Hupas in the Hoopa Valley consumed a variety of fresh water animals such as eels, sturgeon and trout, in addition deer, elk, berries, nuts, roots, acorns. Costanoans of the San Francisco area speared fish, gathered shellfish and ate beached whales in addition to gathering acorns and a variety of fruits, insects and honey. They practiced ..., They acted as scouts and troops for the Texas Rangers and the U S Army on several occasions. The most notable time they allied with the Texans was at the battle of Plum Creek against the Comanche Indians. In the 1960s there were only 35 Tonkawa left in Oklahoma., The Apache tribes utilized an array of foods, ranging from game animals to fruits, nuts, cactus and rabbits, to sometimes cultivated small crops. Some used corn to make tiswin or tulupai, a weak alcoholic drink. Cultivation of crops in the arid southwest is nothing recent. Even 3000 years ago, the Anasazi, the Hohokam and Mogollon grew corn and ..., Perhaps because they were among the last indigenous peoples to be conquered in North America—some bands continued armed resistance to colonial demands into the 1880s—the tribes of the Great Plains are often regarded in popular culture as the archetypical American Indians.This view was heavily promoted by traveling exhibits such …, Tukudika (also Tukudyka’a, Tukadika) means “eaters of the mountain sheep.”. The Tukudika lived in northwestern Wyoming, southwestern Montana, and eastern Idaho. Related bands bore the names “salmon eaters,” “elk eaters,” and “bison eaters.”. Because the name Sheep Eater can appear to equate these Indians with the bighorn sheep ..., The Plateau Pit house was a winter shelter built by many tribes of the Plateau Native American cultural group including the Cayuse, Coeur d'Alene, Modoc, Yakama, Walla-Walla, Palouse and Nez Perce people. The warm summers and cold, snowy winters made a warm winter house essential. Plateau Pit houses winter shelters varied …, How did Raven Steal Crow's Potlatch? Inland Plateau People - About 10,000 years ago, different tribes of Indians settled in the Northwest Inland Plateau region of the United States and Canada, located between two huge mountain ranges - the Rockies and the Cascades. The Plateau stretches from BC British Columbia all the way down to nearly Texas., 19 dic 2011 ... Impact of Climate and Tribes. With the Cascade Mountains as the Dividing line the Coastal and Plateau Native Americans lived differently ..., The Crow tribe had some tipi lodges so large that 40 men could eat dinner together in one. Some families made small "dog house" tipis for their dogs. When it was time to move on, the dog's tipi was taken down and tied to a travois that the dog pulled to the next camp. Mothers also made toy tipis for their daughters to play with., The Plateau Indians are Native Americans who traditionally lived in parts of what are now southwestern Canada and the northwestern United States. The land is a high plateau region between the Rocky Mountains on the east and the Cascade Range and Canadian Coast Ranges on the west. Plateau tribes included the Nez Percé , Flathead , Yakama , ..., Many of the Village tribes used pottery pipes. Among the Assiniboin, Gros Ventre, and Blackfoot, a black stone was used for a Woodland type of pipe. In the Plateau area, the pipes were smaller than elsewhere and usually made from steatite. The Hidatsa and Mandan used a curiously shaped pipe, as may be seen from the collection., The Plateau Indians, though excellent hunters, were not as warlike as those on the Great Plains. Nonetheless, they fought with skill and bravery when forced to do so. The one traditional enemy of the Cayuse was the Snake tribe, which lived to the southeast. According to the Cayuse, the Snake people had forbidden them to hunt in the Blue Mountains., Food. To the Plateau First Nations, salmon migration was an important time. In the summer, the fish would swim up to the Pacific Rivers. The Plateau fishermen learned many ways to trap salmon. Stakes were lined up to make a wall, stopping the salmon from swimming any further, and then the fish were pulled out of the water with a scoop., other ungulates roam from the plateau to the mountains; berries grow abundantly in the Blues, Wallowas, Cascades, and Rocky Mountain ranges; and nutritious roots flower in the foothills. For thousands of years, these diverse and nutritious beings were central to the life-ways of the numerous tribes and bands of the Columbia plateau, until white, Nov 20, 2012 · The Zuni Tribe was one of the most famous tribes of Native American Indians. Discover the vast selection of pictures on the subject of the tribes of Famous Native Americans such as the Zuni nation. The pictures show the clothing, war paint, weapons and decorations of various Native Indian tribes, such as the Zuni tribe, that can be used as a ... , ... Plateau relied less on salmon than did Indians living to the west. But the plateau is not an absolute demarcation of the salmon culture. Some plateau ..., See also. James Teit, “The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus,” The Forty-Fifth Annual Report of ... did not maintain it properly. James McMillan explained ..., Jan 4, 2011 · The Plateau tribes gathered and used over 130 different wild plants. It is estimated that from 40% to 60% of their calories came from the plant foods which they gathered. One of the most important ... , Plateau Indian Ways with Words: The Rhetorical Tradition of the Tribes of the Inland Pacific Northwest (Composition, Literacy, and Culture) [Monroe, ..., The Plateau Indians relied wholly on wild foods. Fishing was the most important food source. The rivers were abundant in salmon, trout, eels, and other fish. The Indians dried fish on wooden racks to preserve them for the winter food supply. They supplemented the fish catch by hunting deer, elk, bear, caribou, and small game., The Plateau Culture Area is bounded by mountain ranges and rivers. Riverine (linear) settlement patterns are predominant. Groups relied on a diverse subsistence base of fish, game and roots. There is evidence of regional trade and a complex fishing technology. Mythology was fairly uniform throughout and art styles and religious beliefs focused ..., The Yakama Indians were fishing people. Their staple food was salmon. Yakama men also hunted for deer, elk, and small game. Yakama women gathered nuts, roots, and berries to add to their diet. Here is a website with more information about Native American food ., Nipmuc, Algonquian-speaking North American Indian group that originally occupied the central plateau of what is now the U.S. state of Massachusetts and extended into what are now northern Rhode Island and Connecticut.Their subsistence was based on hunting, fishing, and the cultivation of corn (maize); they moved seasonally between fixed sites to …, Walla Walla people. Walla Walla ( / ˌwɒlə / ), Walawalałáma ("People of Walula region along Walla Walla River "), sometimes Walúulapam, are a Sahaptin indigenous people of the Northwest Plateau. The duplication in their name expresses the diminutive form. The name Walla Walla is translated several ways but most often as "many waters"., Native American - Tribes, Culture, History: The Great Basin culture area is centred in the intermontane deserts of present-day Nevada and includes adjacent areas in California, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, and Arizona. It is so named because the surrounding mountains create a bowl-like landscape that prevented water from flowing out of the region. The most common ..., Plateau peoples lived in three main house types: the semi-subterranean pit house, the tule-mat lodge and the tipi. The Plateau peoples were semi-nomadic and their dwellings were constructed from portable, reusable materials. Other structures included a sweat lodge for men and a menstrual isolation place for women. Both structures served as ..., In 1680 the Pueblo people revolted and drove the Spanish from their land. The Spanish had to leave behind their cattle, sheep, and horses. The Pueblo people did not need the horses so they traded many to neighboring tribes living in the Great Basin and Plateau such as the Ute (YOOT), Shoshone (shoh-SHOH-nee), and Nez Perce (nes PURS)., Archaeologists postulate that at least 10,000 years ago, not long after the glaciers from the most recent ice age receded, the British Columbia Plateau was populated by Indigenous peoples who had migrated northward from more southerly areas of this same Plateau. ( See also Prehistory .), The fur trade, which in Wyoming ran roughly from 1805-1840, involved numerous tribes. In 1824, Jedediah Smith, on a tip from the Crow, crossed South Pass and began trapping beaver on the Green River. Fort Laramie, built in 1834 at the confluence of the Laramie and North Platte rivers, served as a fur trading post.