Muddy sandstone

Rock mass containing central locked segments is susceptible to freeze–thaw weathering and could result in rock instability and even serious geological hazards. This work conducts uniaxial compression and acoustic emission synchronization tests to experimentally investigate the rock bridge deformation and failure characteristics of …

Muddy sandstone. The outcrop of shallow marine sandstone, Belait formation at Meragang Beach, Brunei Darussalam have long been regarded as tide-, wave-and storm-dominated environment that reveals the reservoir ...

The laminated muddy sandstone records low-energy fair-weather-wave deposition and subordinate storm-wave deposition. The Skolithos ichnofacies indicates a littoral to sublittoral environment. A shoreface environment between mean low tide level and fair-weather-wave base is interpreted for the association. 4.4.

Included in this play are oil and minor gas from the J sandstone of the Muddy Sandstone of the Dakota Group, and the overlying D sandstone, both Lower Cretaceous units. The production fairway of the play is located in the central and northeastern parts of the basin, covering approximately half the province. Jan 28, 2021 · The Muddy Sandstone is composed of very fine to medium-grained sandstone interbedded with minor amounts of shale, siltstone, carbonaceous shale, and coal of latest Albian (Early Cretaceous) age. The formation was deposited in fluvial, marginal marine, and estuarine environments and ranges in thickness from 7 to 125 ft. [6] Molenaar, C.M. and Cobban, W.A., 1991, Middle Cretaceous stratigraphy on the south and east sides of the Uinta basin, northeastern Utah and northwestern Colorado, IN Evolution of sedimentary basins; Uinta and Piceance basins: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 1787-P, p. P1-P34. Suppose we look at a sandstone with a hand lens (Figure 7.71). Quartz, and perhaps K-feldspar, may be easy to find. However, lithic fragments can be confusing and small grains of chert or magnetite may be impossible to identify. For fine sandstones and finer-grained rocks, mineral identification can be problematic, even with a petrographic ...(MPS) to muddy sandstone (MS) to bipartite facies (BF) to sandy mudstone (SM) over a distance of 100s meters. Except where eroded, the transect is overlain by a thin-bedded traction structured sandstone (TSS)capped by silty mudstone (Md). Representative photographs of each lithofacies from the Windermere and Cloridorme are shown above …The Muddy Sandstone contains predominantly quartz, with total quartz higher than 70 percent of the total framework grains. The percentage of feldspar is generally less than 5 percent, except for the Rozet Member in the Amos Draw Field, which is up to 22 percent. Sandstone petrographic examination also shows that the Muddy Sandstone can be ...Dakota Formation (Nebraska) Show map of Nebraska. The Dakota is a sedimentary geologic unit name of formation and group rank in Midwestern North America. The Dakota units are generally composed of sandstones, mudstones, clays, and shales deposited in the Mid-Cretaceous opening of the Western Interior Seaway. [7]

Standard cylindrical sandstone specimens with diameters of 50 mm and lengths of 100 mm were prepared to evaluate the compressive strength under different triaxial compression stress paths with varying amplitudes. The prepared sandstone specimens have an average density of 2.45 g/cm 3. A total of 13 samples are analyzed, …Sandstone: A sedimentary rock used primarily for concrete and masonry work. It is unsuitable for use as a building stone because of its sediment composition. Slate: A metamorphic rock typically found in layers. Because it is easily mined and cut in these natural layers, it works well in applications requiring thin rock layers.May 1, 2021 · The Muddy sandstone is a Lower Cretaceous sequence that was deposited on the east flank of the Powder River Basin in Wyoming and southeastern Montana. The formation is characterized by variations in thickness and lithology as a result of recurrent movement on basement fault blocks during the Laramide orogeny. DSİ 1.Bölge Müdürlüğü Bursa, Bursa. 3.264 beğenme · 113 kişi bunun hakkında konuşuyor · 4.768 kişi buradaydı. DSİ 1.Bölge Müdürlüğü Resmi Facebook Sayfasıdır.Usage: Muddy Sandstone (MT*,ND*,SD*,WY*) Muddy Sandstone of Dakota Group (CO,WY) Muddy Formation (WY) Muddy Sandstone Member of Thermopolis Shale (WY*) Subunits: FORMATION STATUS (alphabetical): Fort Collins Member (CO), Horsetooth Member (CO*). Geologic age: late Early Cretaceous (Albian)* Type section, locality, area and/or origin of name:

Muddy sandstone is the major lithology in this area (sample ZJG-10). At ZJG, the damage zone is a muddy sandstone breccia containing gray clasts cemented by a dark fine-grained matrix. Sample ZJG-1 was collected from the hanging wall. Samples ZJG-7, -8, and -9, crushed to differing degrees, were collected in the foot wall, at 30 cm, …thin, scour-based, muddy sandstone lenses. Pseudo- morphs after a bladed evaporite mineral, possibly gyp- sum, have been found in a few occurrences of brecciat- ed mudstone (fw. 6.1. sequence 4). Mudcracked massive mudstone with the breccia fabric is interpreted as lacustrine beds disrupted byMay 1, 2021 · The Muddy sandstone is a Lower Cretaceous sequence that was deposited on the east flank of the Powder River Basin in Wyoming and southeastern Montana. The formation is characterized by variations in thickness and lithology as a result of recurrent movement on basement fault blocks during the Laramide orogeny. the Muddy, and the black fissile shale overlying the Muddy Sandstone is included in the Mowry. Paull ( 1957) advocated the retention of the original definition of the Mowry to include only the siliceous shale and proposes the term Shell Creek Shale for the black fissile unit between the top of the Muddy Sandstone and the base of the Mowry Shale ...

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ABSTRACT. The Upper Cretaceous Sussex "B" sandstone was deposited as a probable transgressive-marine sand-ridge complex in a mid-shelf position. The "B" sandstone is bounded by upper and basal disconformities and encased in mudstones and low-porosity and low-permeability sandstones of the Cody Shale. Reservoir characteristics are controlled ...However, towards the end of the Middle Jurassic a marine transgression covered the region to the east of the main trough with more than 600 m of muddy sandstone, conglomerate, and carbonaceous shale containing marine fossils (Learmonth Formation). This unit lies unconformably on Permian strata and is considered to be a paralic deposit.Jan 1, 2003 · Greatest gas production from the Muddy (J) Sandstone in Wattenberg field occurs (1) from within the most permeable and thickest intervals of Fort Collins Member delta-front and nearshore-marine sandstones, (2) to a lesser extent from the Horsetooth Member valley-fill channel sandstones, (3) in association with a large thermal anomaly that is ... Muddy Sandstone Environments, Powder River Basin, Wyoming and Montana: Outcrop and Core Study Roderick W. Tillman Cities Service Exploration and Production Research, Tulsa, Okla. Search for other works by this author on: Cities Service Exploration and Production Research, Tulsa, Okla. Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists

Regional diagenetic trends in the Lower Cretaceous Muddy Sandstone, Powder River basin; discussion and reply Andrew Hajash; Andrew Hajash Tex. A&M Univ., Geol. Dep., College Station, TX, United States. Search for other works by this author on: GSW. Google Scholar. William R. Almon;May 3, 2014 - Aztec Sandstone at the Muddy Mountains Wilderness. Nevada Proud!!!The Muddy Sandstone may be the most complicated Cretaceous formation in the Powder River basin. Although generally less than 100 ft thick, it contains a wide variety of facies. Two unconformities, one of which is largely intraformational, are associated with the Muddy. Mar 1, 2022 · (E) Example of soft-sediment deformation commonly observed in hummocky-cross stratified sandstone (FA2, offshore transition). (F) Coarsening-up heterolithic to muddy sandstone package (FA3, lower shoreface). (G) Wavy-laminated muddy sandstones (FA3, lower shoreface). Field photos of the different facies recognized in the study area. ABSTRACT. The Upper Cretaceous Sussex "B" sandstone was deposited as a probable transgressive-marine sand-ridge complex in a mid-shelf position. The "B" sandstone is bounded by upper and basal disconformities and encased in mudstones and low-porosity and low-permeability sandstones of the Cody Shale. Reservoir characteristics are controlled ...Lake beach bar sandstone has been regarded as an important oil and gas reservoir in China. However, types and depositional mechanisms of the sandstone have not yet been fully studied. In this study, we analyzed modern beach bars in Qinghai Lake, the largest modern lake in China. The key factors controlling beach bar development in the …Mud content increases upwards in the facies S4 beds, and their upper contacts exhibit dewatering structures, with injections of muddy sand into the overlying sandstones (Figs. 7 G). The S4 facies is interpreted to represent unlithified, saturated muds and fine-grained sands upon which sands were deposited rapidly.The picture above shows a muddy sandstone that was deposited on a flood plain. Dr. Alley's index finger in the lower left points along a ridge on the surface of the rock (shadows are to the lower right of Dr. Alley's finger and to the lower right of the feature he is pointing along; his finger is above the rock, so the feature must be a ridge ...

Mar 1, 2022 · (E) Example of soft-sediment deformation commonly observed in hummocky-cross stratified sandstone (FA2, offshore transition). (F) Coarsening-up heterolithic to muddy sandstone package (FA3, lower shoreface). (G) Wavy-laminated muddy sandstones (FA3, lower shoreface). Field photos of the different facies recognized in the study area.

Gravelly muddy sand Gravelly muddy sandstone Gravelly sand Gravelly sandstone 90 SAND Sand Sandstone Per cent sand Muddy sand Muddy sandstone Sandy mud Sandy mudrock . Standard deviation' = 0.35 deviation' = 1.0 'Standard deviation' = 0.5 'Standard deviation' = 2.0 .Sandstone that contains feldspar, which weathers more quickly than quartz, is useful for analyzing the local geologic history. Greywacke is a term with conflicting definitions. Greywacke may refer to sandstone with a muddy matrix, or sandstone with many lithic fragments (small rock pieces). The Rochester Shale, New York.The Muddy/Newcastle sandstone (Dyman et al., 1995) represents deposition associated with separation of the northern and southern arms of the seaway during the late Albian regres-sion and subsequent transgression (Vuke, 1984; Porter et al., 1997). An unconformity placed at the base of this sandstone isThe Muddy formation (Lower Cretaceous) of the central and northern Rocky Mountains has produced over 1.5 billion bbl of oil equivalent hydrocarbons. Traps are developed in buried hills, valley fills, and onlapping marine sands associated with subaerial unconformities formed during a sea level drop.Greywacke is variation of sandstone that saperate from other to hardness, dark color, and poorly sorted angular grains of quartz and feldspar..It is a textural immature sedimentary rock found in the Paleozoic layers. Larger grains can be from sand to pebble length, and matrix materials are in the order of 15% by volume of rocks.A deep color …Limestone is a very common sedimentary rock consisting of calcium carbonate (more than 50%). It is the most common non-siliciclastic (sandstone and shale are common siliciclastic rocks) sedimentary rock.Limestones are rocks that are composed of mostly calcium carbonate (minerals calcite or aragonite). Carbonate rocks where the dominant …Sandstone that contains feldspar, which weathers more quickly than quartz, is useful for analyzing the local geologic history. Greywacke is a term with conflicting definitions. Greywacke may refer to sandstone with a muddy matrix, or sandstone with many lithic fragments (small rock pieces). The Rochester Shale, New York.Well-designed modern mud systems can minimize washouts, making caliper logs less distinctive for lithological purposes. Lithological responses [] Sandstone []. Consolidated sandstone is usually permeable, so expect mudcake to cause a caliper reading that is about length::0.5 in. smaller than the bit size. Bed boundaries are often …The Chace Quartzite Member and the underlying upper Bonney Sandstone consist of cross-bedded and petee-laminated medium- to coarse-grained sandstones and poorly sorted muddy sandstones, and have been interpreted as supratidal to intertidal and a fluvial-dominated deltaic system, respectively (e.g., Gehling, 2000, Gehling and Droser, …Siltstone. Siltstone is a clastic sedimentary rock that formed from grains whose sized between that of sandstone and mudstone. It can found different environmental conditions different color and textures. Siltstone generally are red and gray color with flat bedding planes. Darker colored siltstone have plant fossils and other carbon-rich matter.

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Greatest gas production from the Muddy (J) Sandstone in Wattenberg field occurs (1) from within the most permeable and thickest intervals of Fort Collins Member delta-front and nearshore-marine sandstones, (2) to a lesser extent from the Horsetooth Member valley-fill channel sandstones, (3) in association with a large thermal anomaly that is ...What is the porosity of newly deposited mud? less than 5% between 5% and 25% between 25% and 50% > 50%. Which of the following groups represent the most abundant sedimentary rocks? limestones and dolomites sandstones and conglomerates cherts and evaporites mudstones and shales. What type of sandstone is depicted in the illustration …Conglomerate is closely related to sandstone and displays many of the same types of sedimentary structures. Sandstone is a notably popular building material, used for things like flagstones and tile. Conglomerate rocks are colorful and attractive; however, it is rarely used as ornamental stone for interior use because of its unreliable …@article{osti_5878330, title = {Reservoir description and production history; Bell Creek field, Muddy sandstone, barrier island, and valley fill deposits}, author = {Tillman, R W and Szpakiewicz, M and Honarpour, M M and Jackson, S R}, abstractNote = {Improved sedimentologic and stratigraphic reservoir descriptions of barrier-island sandstones and genetically related deposits allow better ...The Muddy Sandstone, although commonly less than 100 ft thick, is one of the most complicated formations in the Powder River basin. Utilizing an integrated sedimentologic and stratigraphic analysis of outcrop, core, and well logs, the Muddy can be divided into six isochronous members. The recognition of two widespread, subaerial unconformities ...Granite changes into sandstone by means of weathering and erosion. Through the passage of time, fragments of granite are broken down into smaller pieces, or sediments, which are transported and deposited at the bottom of the oceans or river...The studied Ploužnice member (Stephanian–Gzhelian, Pennsylvanian) is a succession of mudstones, claystones, and siltstones with subordinate sandstones, carbonates, carbonatic rocks, and cherts in the Semily Formation, which is a part of volcano-sedimentary infilling of the Krkonoše Piedmont Basin (KPB) (Fig. …This muddy sandstone erodes irregularly, giving it a "wavy" appearance. This layer often erodes faster than the Entrada Sandstone above it, creating top heavy "mushroom" rocks. Balanced Rock is a great example of this. The Slick Rock Member of Entrada Sandstone represents coastal dunes.muddy sandstone (ratio 1:1 to 9:1), sandy mudstone (ratio 1:9 to 1:1), and, TABLE 1"* TERMS APPLIED TO MIXTURES OF GRAVEL, SAND, AND MUD DELIMITED IN FIGURE 1 Major Textural Class A. Gravel. Conglomerate B. Sandy gravel Sandy conglomerate C. Muddy sandy gravel. Muddy sandy conglomerate D. Muddy gravel Muddy conglomerate E. Gravelly sand ... Conglomerate is closely related to sandstone and displays many of the same types of sedimentary structures. Sandstone is a notably popular building material, used for things like flagstones and tile. Conglomerate rocks are colorful and attractive; however, it is rarely used as ornamental stone for interior use because of its unreliable … ….

The Muddy Sandstone, although commonly less than 100 ft thick, is one of the most complicated formations in the Powder River basin. Utilizing an integrated sedimentologic and stratigraphic analysis of outcrop, core, and well logs, the Muddy can be divided into six isochronous members. e.limestone, shale, mud sandstone, shale, limestone An erosional surface that separates older metamorphic or igneous rocks from younger overlying sedimentary rocks is called a/an AnswerFive cores (83.3 m) underwent petrographic and facies analysis. Five facies were classified: massive sandstone (Sm), parallel laminated sandstone (Sp), muddy ...Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed of sand-size grains of mineral, rock, or organic material. It also contains a cementing material that binds the sand grains together and may contain a matrix of silt- or clay-size particles that occupy the spaces between the sand grains. Sandstone is one of the most common types of sedimentary rock, and ...Wooden walkways give you a place to walk that isn’t muddy, and they can help you traverse some of the rockier or uneven parts of your yard. Expert Advice On Improving Your Home Videos Latest View All Guides Latest View All Radio Show Latest...Sandstone also commonly known as arenite is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized minerals or rock grains of about 0.05mm to 2cm, matrix, cement and pore space. (figure 2). . . Figure 2: A microscopic photograph of a Nubia sandstone under the polarizing microscope. It is composed of entirely of …Sandstone can be cleaned by manually scrubbing it with a brush and cleaning agent, or it can be washed with a pressure washer. The type of cleaner that should be used depends on the composition of the sandstone.Delmar Formation consists of dark green claystone and mudstone, greenish-gray muddy sandstone, interbeds formed by biostromes of shells of molluscs. Setting. Frederiksen places the Delmar Formation and overlaying Torrey Sandstone above the Mount Soledad Formation and below Ardath Shale within the early Lutetian in calcareous nannofossils … Muddy sandstone, Mother’s Day is different when your baby is in heaven instead of in your arms. No matter how many living children you have, it’s a day muddied by the absence... Edit Your Post Published by Jenny Albers on May 6, 2020 Mot..., Production in Peoria is from a Lower Cretaceous Muddy "J" channel sandstone, with a maximum thickness of 45 ft. Average porosity values are 14.7% with permeabilities averaging 200 md and ranging ..., List of sandstone companies Over 23 in Turkey. We are a Company located in the city Bursa of Turkey.We struggling natural stones and marble businnes for more than 25 …, The distribution of reservoir sandstone in the Cretaceous Muddy Sandstone, Hilight Field, Powder River Basin, Wyoming. In: Lomando, A.J. and Harris, …, FA5 mainly comprises medium-thick bedded medium-coarse grained sandstone and thin beds of muddy sandstone, with bell or box-shaped gamma-ray curves, and the whole succession fines upward generally (Fig. 3 A, D). Download : Download high-res image (840KB) Download : Download full-size image;, subordinate mud and sandstone) and Sakhi . Sarwar (Boston) Formation (mud and . sandstone with poorly developed . conglomerate, while in centre of valleys t he . mud is dominant) concealed at places ., The Minjur Sandstone is a complex assemblage of sandstone and shale with minor evaporites that was assigned by Le Nindre (1987) to a dominantly fluvial-deltaic system. The type section at Khashm al Khalta – Khashm al Minjur exhibits a prominent sandstone cliff (ca. 300 m) capped by the Marrat Formation and lower Dhruma …, The craggy pillars of muddy sandstone and siltstone are so otherworldly it's no wonder why they were used as a filming location in "The Lord of the Rings" movies. 6. of 10., Muddy sandstone, Powder River Basin: rejuvenation of an old play with horizontal drilling By Stephen A. Sonnenberg 1 View Affiliations Source: First Break , Volume 38, Issue 5 , May 2020, p. 83 - 89 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3997/1365-2397.fb2020038 Published online: 01 May 2020 Previous Article T able o f C ontents Next Article Abstract, Granite changes into sandstone by means of weathering and erosion. Through the passage of time, fragments of granite are broken down into smaller pieces, or sediments, which are transported and deposited at the bottom of the oceans or river..., Horsetooth Member of Muddy Sandstone of central CO, Denver basin and Encinal Canyon Member of Dakota Sandstone of Colorado Plateau are probably a single, diachronous, alluvial aggradational unit. Incised valleys beneath Horsetooth (near edge of seaway) and Encinal Canyon (well inland from seaway) were probably part of a single drainage surface., The Minjur Sandstone is a complex assemblage of sandstone and shale with minor evaporites that was assigned by Le Nindre (1987) to a dominantly fluvial-deltaic system. The type section at Khashm al Khalta – Khashm al Minjur exhibits a prominent sandstone cliff (ca. 300 m) capped by the Marrat Formation and lower Dhruma …, Channelised sandstone (chs) represents the filling of multistorey ribbon-shaped channel. (B) This unit deposited in medial or distal portion of a fluvial distributary system. Small and fixed ribbon-channel deposits cut dominant interbedding of sandstone sheet and muddy sandstone beds, formed by unconfined flows., [14] considered the conductivity of muddy sandstone as a result of clay water and free water in parallel and, therefore, proposed a dual-water conductivity ..., The Upper Muddy sandstone is located at or near the top of the Muddy interval and is separated from the top of the Lower Muddy sandstones by approximately 30-50 feet of shale. The Upper Muddy is much thinner than the Lower Muddy, but more uniform in thickness. As shown on Plate 3, the Upper Muddy only reaches a maximum thickness of ..., The Annot Sandstone (Upper Eocene-Oligocene), cropping out in south-eastern France (Fig. 1 A), is a widespread turbidite succession preserved mainly in NS-stretched synclines (Fig. 1 D) in an Alpine foreland basin, located to the west of the developing Alpine thrust belt and north of the emergent Pyrenean–Provencal mountain …, Muddy, Frontier, Cody, and Mesaverde. Primary production has been from the Madison, Tensleep, and Phosphoria. Many of the fields have multiple pay zones and some show common oil- water contacts involving several of the Paleozoic reservoirs. Sandstone is the dominant reservoir lithology, in most cases , Shale and the Muddy Sandstone are considered underex-plored and to have potentially significant potential. Looking at these two plays in concert, the contrasts between the conventional and unconventional opportunities . are clear. Despite its name suggesting otherwise, in its truest form, the Muddy Member is a fluvial estuarine sandstone , Sandstone also commonly known as arenite is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized minerals or rock grains of about 0.05mm to 2cm, matrix, cement and pore space. (figure 2). . . Figure 2: A microscopic photograph of a Nubia sandstone under the polarizing microscope. It is composed of entirely of …, You can stop mud at the door and keep your floors dry. Winter weather has a way of getting inside the house. Muddy boots and wet clothes can make a big mess inside, especially with extra items from guests, but you can organize your mudroom ..., Apr 29, 2022 · The moderately weathered muddy sandstone involved in this study has no obvious joints, so the HB model is used. There are seven main parameters in the HB model, including heaviness γ , Poisson’s ratio ν , Young’s modulus E , uniaxial compressive strength σ ci , intact rock material constant m i , geological strength index GSI , and ... , Horsetooth Member of Muddy Sandstone of central CO, Denver basin and Encinal Canyon Member of Dakota Sandstone of Colorado Plateau are probably a single, diachronous, alluvial aggradational unit. Incised valleys beneath Horsetooth (near edge of seaway) and Encinal Canyon (well inland from seaway) were probably part of a single drainage surface., Formation. Turbidites are sediments which are transported and deposited by density flow, not by tractional or frictional flow. The distinction is that, in a normal river or stream bed, particles of rock are carried along by frictional drag of water on the particle (known as tractional flow ). The water must be travelling at a certain velocity ..., Oct 14, 2021 · shows the sandstone portion of the Muddy formation is overlain and underlain by siltstone. It is observed that there is a significant decrease in the NPHI value within the sandstone portion of the Muddy. The decreasing NPHI value can be attributed to the log detecting lower hydrogen index in the formation because of CO 2 , Oct 14, 2021 · shows the sandstone portion of the Muddy formation is overlain and underlain by siltstone. It is observed that there is a significant decrease in the NPHI value within the sandstone portion of the Muddy. The decreasing NPHI value can be attributed to the log detecting lower hydrogen index in the formation because of CO 2 , The Muddy (“J”) Sandstone crops out along the western margin of the basin in a prominent hogback of tan-colored sandstone. Figure 7 shows a creek- and road-cut through the hogback of mostly valley-fill (river-deposited) sandstones that are part of the Horsetooth Member of the Muddy (“J”) Sandstone., e.limestone, shale, mud sandstone, shale, limestone An erosional surface that separates older metamorphic or igneous rocks from younger overlying sedimentary rocks is called a/an Answer, e.limestone, shale, mud sandstone, shale, limestone An erosional surface that separates older metamorphic or igneous rocks from younger overlying sedimentary rocks is called a/an Answer, Sandy Sandstone (firmly known as Mr. Sandstone) is the boss and mogul of Miracle Pictures in Hollyrock and a one-time character of the episode, "The Monster from the Tar Pits", featured in the first season of the original series, "The Flintstones. Sandy is a tall and stout caveman with fairly tan skin, tan stubbles, red hair, a red mustache, thick black eyebrows and black beady eyes. He wears ..., An integrated subsurface and outcrop study of the Muddy Sandstone in the western Wind River basin was conducted in order to determine (1) if Muddy paleovalleys and are present there, (2) if potential for stratigraphic traps exists, and (3) if source rocks of sufficient quality and maturity are able to charge the Muddy reservoirs., Along with this, some other terms are replaced with names having more relevance to the appearance of the rock. For instance, the name "slightly gravelly muddy sandstone" is replaced by "muddy sandstone with dispersed clasts". Names, with their abbreviations, are given in Fig. 2 where the second modification becomes im- mediately obvious., Although operators did produce from conventional wells in Cretaceous reservoirs such as the Muddy Sandstone (western equivalent of the Newcastle Sandstone), Frontier Formation, and the Carlile Shale, historically less-productive Cretaceous-age unconventional reservoirs are now the main focus of exploration and production in the Powder River Basin., muddy sandstone (ratio 1:1 to 9:1), sandy mudstone (ratio 1:9 to 1:1), and, TABLE 1"* TERMS APPLIED TO MIXTURES OF GRAVEL, SAND, AND MUD DELIMITED IN FIGURE 1 Major Textural Class A. Gravel. Conglomerate B. Sandy gravel Sandy conglomerate C. Muddy sandy gravel. Muddy sandy conglomerate D. Muddy gravel Muddy conglomerate E. Gravelly sand ...